Ovulation detection through salivary levels of sialic acid and glycosaminoglycans
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: One in ten couples of reproductive age encounter some level of infertility. Identification of the period
of ovulation in humans is critical in the treatment of infertility. Success in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer has
been associated with the exact time of ovulation. Saliva is a unique diagnostic fluid, the composition of which
immediately reflects the sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, hypothalamic- pitutaryadrenal
axis and immune system response to stress. The study aims at evaluating the changes in salivary sialic acid
and Glycosaminoglycans in the regular menstrual cycle. Thus, the presence of these carbohydrates in the ovulatory
saliva makes the possibility to develop a biomarker for the detection of ovulation by noninvasive methods.
Subjects, materials and methods: Randomly, seventy five volunteer females were recruited and divided into 5
groups; each contains 15 subjects as follow: Nine years old females and postmenopausal females as control groups,
pre-ovulatory period, ovulatory period and post-ovulatory period females as experimental groups. Each female, of
the experimental groups, underwent sonographic examination to estimate her period regarding ovulation.
Unstimulated whole saliva was collected using the spitting method. Colorimetric procedure was used for total sialic
acid determination and for Glycosaminoglycans quantitative determination, the method of ELISA was used.
Results: The concentration of sialic acid was significantly decreased in saliva of females in the ovulatory phase of the
menstrual cycle; whereas, a significant increase in salivary sialic acid concentration was in the post-ovulatory phase.
Glycosaminoglycan concentration showed a gradual increase from the pre-ovulatory phase then ovulatory to reach
its maximum in the post-ovulatory phase with a significant difference between the pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory
phases. A significant correlation was not found between sialic acid and Glycosaminoglycans in different study
groups.
Conclusions: On the basis of the results arrived at, the study concluded that there are remarkable cyclic variations in
sialic acid and glycosaminoglycans during the menstrual cycle but in conclusion, glycosaminoglycans and sialic
acid salivary levels cannot be used for the precise prediction of ovulation.
of ovulation in humans is critical in the treatment of infertility. Success in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer has
been associated with the exact time of ovulation. Saliva is a unique diagnostic fluid, the composition of which
immediately reflects the sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, hypothalamic- pitutaryadrenal
axis and immune system response to stress. The study aims at evaluating the changes in salivary sialic acid
and Glycosaminoglycans in the regular menstrual cycle. Thus, the presence of these carbohydrates in the ovulatory
saliva makes the possibility to develop a biomarker for the detection of ovulation by noninvasive methods.
Subjects, materials and methods: Randomly, seventy five volunteer females were recruited and divided into 5
groups; each contains 15 subjects as follow: Nine years old females and postmenopausal females as control groups,
pre-ovulatory period, ovulatory period and post-ovulatory period females as experimental groups. Each female, of
the experimental groups, underwent sonographic examination to estimate her period regarding ovulation.
Unstimulated whole saliva was collected using the spitting method. Colorimetric procedure was used for total sialic
acid determination and for Glycosaminoglycans quantitative determination, the method of ELISA was used.
Results: The concentration of sialic acid was significantly decreased in saliva of females in the ovulatory phase of the
menstrual cycle; whereas, a significant increase in salivary sialic acid concentration was in the post-ovulatory phase.
Glycosaminoglycan concentration showed a gradual increase from the pre-ovulatory phase then ovulatory to reach
its maximum in the post-ovulatory phase with a significant difference between the pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory
phases. A significant correlation was not found between sialic acid and Glycosaminoglycans in different study
groups.
Conclusions: On the basis of the results arrived at, the study concluded that there are remarkable cyclic variations in
sialic acid and glycosaminoglycans during the menstrual cycle but in conclusion, glycosaminoglycans and sialic
acid salivary levels cannot be used for the precise prediction of ovulation.
Article Details
How to Cite
Al-khafagy, R., Al-Ani, S. and Majid, A. (1) “Ovulation detection through salivary levels of sialic acid
and glycosaminoglycans”, Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry, 24(2), pp. 66-69. Available at: http://jbcd.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jbcd/article/view/1270 (Accessed: 29November2019).
Issue
Section
Oral Diagnosis
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