Different Methods of Canine Retraction- Part 1
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: This review aimed at explaining different methods of canine retraction along the archwire. Methods: Searching for different methods of canine retraction using fixed orthodontic appliances was carried out using different databases, including PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, the Cochrane Library, Textbooks, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and hand searching from 1930 till February 2022. Results: After excluding the duplicate articles, papers describing the methods of canine retraction along the archwires were included. The most commonly used methods are NiTi closed coil spring and elastic chain. Conclusions: Various methods of canine retraction along the archwires were explained in detail regarding their advantages, disadvantages, and comparisons among different methods supported by clinical trials, systematic review, and meta-analysis. The preferred method is canine retraction with NiTi closed coil spring with 150 and 200 gm. Elastic chain is considered an alternative, low-cost option.
Received date: 02-02-2022
Accepted date: 01-03-2022
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licenses and Copyright
The following policy applies in The Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry (JBCD):
# JBCD applies the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license to articles and other works we publish. If you submit your paper for publication by JBCD, you agree to have the CC BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you as the author agree that anyone can reuse your article in whole or part for any purpose, for free, even for commercial purposes. Anyone may copy, distribute, or reuse the content as long as the author and original source are properly cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that JBCD content can be mined without barriers for the needs of research.
# If your manuscript contains content such as photos, images, figures, tables, audio files, videos, etc., that you or your co-authors do not own, we will require you to provide us with proof that the owner of that content (a) has given you written permission to use it, and (b) has approved of the CC BY license being applied to their content. We provide a form you can use to ask for and obtain permission from the owner. If you do not have owner permission, we will ask you to remove that content and/or replace it with other content that you own or have such permission to use.Don't assume that you can use any content you find on the Internet, or that the content is fair game just because it isn't clear who the owner is or what license applies.
# Many authors assume that if they previously published a paper through another publisher, they own the rights to that content and they can freely use that content in their paper, but that’s not necessarily the case, it depends on the license that covers the other paper. Some publishers allow free and unrestricted re-use of article content they own, such as under the CC BY license. Other publishers use licenses that allow re-use only if the same license is applied by the person or publisher re-using the content. If the paper was published under a CC BY license or another license that allows free and unrestricted use, you may use the content in your JBCD paper provided that you give proper attribution, as explained above.If the content was published under a more restrictive license, you must ascertain what rights you have under that license. At a minimum, review the license to make sure you can use the content. Contact that JBCD if you have any questions about the license. If the license does not permit you to use the content in a paper that will be covered by an unrestricted license, you must obtain written permission from the publisher to use the content in your JBCD paper. Please do not include any content in your JBCD paper which you do not have rights to use, and always give proper attribution.
# If any relevant accompanying data is submitted to repositories with stated licensing policies, the policies should not be more restrictive than CC BY.
# JBCD reserves the right to remove any photos, captures, images, figures, tables, illustrations, audio and video files, and the like, from any paper, whether before or after publication, if we have reason to believe that the content was included in your paper without permission from the owner of the content.
How to Cite
Publication Dates
References
Littlewood, SJ., Mitchell, L. An introduction to orthodontics. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford university press; 2019.
Tweed, CH. Clinical orthodontics. 1st ed. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby; 1966.
Nanda, RS., Tosun, YS. Biomechanics in Orthodontics: Principles and Practice. 1st ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc.; 2010.
Heo, W., Nahm, DS., Baek, SH. En masse retraction and two-step retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in adult class I women- A comparison of anchorage loss. Angle Orthod. 2007; 77(6): 973-978. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2319/111706-464.1
Bennett, JC., McLaughlin, RP. Controlled space closure with a preadjusted appliance system. J Clin Orthod. 1990; 24(4): 251-260.
Farrant, SD. An evaluation of different methods of canine retraction. Br J Orthod. 1977; 4(1): 5-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/bjo.4.1.5
Charles, CR., Jones, ML. Canine retraction with the edgewise appliance- Some problems and solutions. Br J Orthod. 1982; 9(4): 194-202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/bjo.9.4.194
Proffit, WR., Fields, HW. Jr, Larson, BE., Sarver, DM. Contemporary orthodontics. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019.
Staggers, JA., Germane, N. Clinical considerations in the use of retraction mechanics. J Clin Orthod. 1991; 25(6): 364-369.
Burstone, CJ., Choy, K. The biomechanical foundation of clinical orthodontics. 1st ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc.; 2015.
Burstone, CJ., Koenig, HA. Optimizing anterior and canine retraction. Am J Orthod. 1976; 70(1): 1-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(76)90257-8
Daskalogiannakis, J. Glossary of orthodontic terms. 1st ed. Berlin: Quintessence Publishing Co., 2000.
Dixon, V., Read, MJF., O’Brien, KD., Worthington, HV., Mandall, NA. A randomized clinical trial to compare three methods of orthodontic space closure. J Orthod. 2002; 29(1): 31-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ortho/29.1.31
Baty, DL., Storie, DJ., Vonfraunhofer, JA. Synthetic elastomeric chains: A literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994; 105(6): 536-542. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(94)70137-7
Von Fraunhofer, JA., Coffelt, M-TP., Orbell, GM. The effects of artificial saliva and topical fluoride treatments on the degradation of the elastic properties of orthodontic chains, Angle Orthod. 1992; 62(4): 265-274.
Drescher, D., Bourquel, C., Schumacher, H. Frictional forces between bracket and archwire. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989; 96(5): 397-404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90324-7
Ziegler, P., Ingervall, B. A clinical study of maxillary canine retraction with a retraction spring and with sliding mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989; 95(2): 99-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90388-0
Sonis, AL., Plas, EV., Gianelly, A. A comparison of elastomeric auxiliaries versus elastic thread on premolar extraction site closure: An in vivo study, Am J Ortho Dentofacial Orthop. 1986; 89(1): 73-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90115-6
Signorella, A. Coil springs. J Clin Orthod. 1968; 2(3): 132-135.
Chaconas, SJ., Caputo AA., Harvey, K. Orthodontic force characteristics of open coil springs. Am J Orthod. 1984; 85(6): 494-497. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(84)90089-7
Sonis, AL. Comparison of NiTi coil springs vs. elastics in canine retraction. J Clin Orthod. 1994; 28(5): 293-295.
Miura, F., Mogi, M., Ohura, Y. The superelastic Japanese NiTi alloy wire for use in orthodontics. Part 2. Introduction of the direct electric resistance heat treatment method. Eur J Orthod. 1988; 10(3): 187-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/10.3.187
Cousley, R. Controlled canine retraction using orthodontic mini-implants coupled with bondable power arms. J Orthod. 2015; 42(4): 315-323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/1465313315Y.0000000014
McLaughlin, RP., Bennett, JC. The transition from standard edgewise to preadjusted appliance systems. J Clin Orthod. 1989; 23(3): 142-153.
Samuels, RHA., Rudge, SJ., Mair, LH. A comparison of the rate of space closure using a nickel-titanium spring and an elastic module: a clinical study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993; 103(5): 464‐467. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(05)81798-6
Sowmya, KS., Chandralekha, B., Uma, HL., Kumari, S., Padmini, MN., Shashikala. Comparison of active tie-backs and nickel titanium coil springs in canine retraction: A clinical study with the MBT system. Orthodontic Cyber J. 2011. Available from orthocj.com/ 2011/01/comparison-of-active-tie-backs-and-nickel titanium-coil-springs-in-canine-retraction-a-clinical-study-with-the-mbtsystem.
Shankar, S., Ranvijay, Chandra, S., Shahi, AK. A comparison between space closure by canine retraction with active tie-backs and closed coil springs: A clinical study with the MBT system. Int J Med Res Prof. 2017; 3(3); 365-370.
Khalid, Z., Bangash, AA., Anwar, A., Pasha, H., Amin, E. Canine retraction using a closed nickel titanium coil spring and an elastic module. J Coll Phys Surg Pakistan. 2018; 28(9): 695-698. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2018.09.695
Singh, B., Singh, A., Dmello, K., Wadhwa, J., Singh, R. A comparative evaluation of rate of retraction and anchorage loss using nickel titanium closed coil spring and active tie-backs during the en-mass retraction in mandibular arch- an in-vivo study. Indian J Orthod Dentofacial Res. 2019; 5(4): 150-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijodr.2019.033
Fang, S., Zhong, Y., Li, M., Luo, J., Khadka, N., Jiang, C., Wang, J., Du, X. Comparing two methods of orthodontics space closure: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2017; 10(10): 14667–14672.
Samuels, RHA., Rudge, SJ., Mair, LH. A clinical study of space closure with nickel-titanium closed coil springs and an elastic module. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998; 114(1): 73‐79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(98)70241-0
Mahobia, T., Mahobia, YK. Comparison of canine retraction with active tieback and power chain – an in vivo implant study. Indian J Orthod Dentofacial Res. 2020; 6(1): 16-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijodr.2020.005
Mitra, R., Londhe, SM., Kumar, P. A comparative evaluation of rate of space closure after extraction using E-chain and stretched modules in bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion cases. Med J Armed Forces India. 2011; 67(2): 152–156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-1237(11)60017-8
Ghaib, NH. Clinical efficiency of elastomeric chain and Nickel Titanium closed coil spring during canine retraction (Part II). J Coll Dentistry. 2002; 11: 140-143.
Nightingale, C., Jones, SP. A clinical investigation of force delivery systems for orthodontic space closure. J Orthod. 2003; 30(3): 229-236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ortho/30.3.229
Bokas, J., Woods, M. A clinical comparison between nickel titanium springs and elastomeric chains. Aust Orthod J. 2006; 22(1): 39–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2006-0005
Chaudhari, CV., Tarvade, S. Comparison of rate of retraction and anchorage loss using nickel titanium closed coil springs and elastomeric chain during the en-masse retraction: a clinical study. J Orthod Res. 2015; 3: 129–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2321-3825.150582
Khanemasjedi, M., Moradinejad, M., Javidi, P., Niknam, O., Jahromi, NH., Rakhshan, V. Efficacy of elastic memory chains versus nickel-titanium coil springs in canine retraction: a two-center split mouth randomized clinical trial. Int Orthod. 2017; 15(4): 561–574. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2017.09.011
Talwar, A., Bhat, SR. Comparative evaluation of nickel titanium closed coil spring and elastomeric chain for canine retraction. A randomized clinical trial. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2018; 17(10): 70–75.
Davidović, MU., Savić, MA., Arbutina, A. Examination of postextraction space closure speed using elastic chains and NiTi closed coil springs. Serbian Dent J. 2018; 65(4): 179–186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sdj-2018-0017
Barlow, M., Kula, K. Factors influencing efficiency of sliding mechanics to close extraction space: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofacial Res. 2008; 11(2): 65-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2008.00421.x
Barsoum, HA., ElSayed, HS., El Sharaby, FA., Palomo, JM., Mostafa, YA. Comprehensive comparison of canine retraction using NiTi closed coil springs vs. elastomeric chains: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial. Angle Orthod. 2021; 91(4): 441–448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2319/110620-916.1
Sueri, MY., Turk, T. Effectiveness of laceback ligatures on maxillary canine retraction. Angle Orthod. 2006; 76(6): 1010-1014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2319/100605-351
Norman, NH., Worthington, H., Chadwick, SM. Nickel titanium springs versus stainless steel springs: a randomized clinical trial of two methods of space closure. J Orthod. 2016; 43(3): 176–185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14653125.2015.1122260
Goyal, T., Munjal, S., Singh, S., Natt, AS., Singh, H. A comparative evaluation of space closure using different force delivery systems - A clinical study. J Adv Med Dent Sci Res. 2020; 8(5): 56-60.
Mohammed, H., Rizk, MZ,, Wafaie, K., Almuzian, M. Effectiveness of nickel-titanium springs vs. elastomeric chains in orthodontic space closure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofacial Res. 2018; 21(1): 12–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.12210
Sebastian, B., Bhuvaraghan, A., Thiruvenkatachari, B. Orthodontic space closure in sliding mechanics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2021; 1-16. doi:10.1093/ejo/cjab047. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjab047