Color stability of nano resin-modified glass Ionomer restorative cement after acidic and basic medications challenge
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Color stability of glass ionomers (GIs) could be affected by many factors such as pH and consumption of liquid medications like antibiotics. Most common antibiotics used during childhood are amoxicillin suspension (AM.S) and azithromycin suspension (AZ.S) which have acidic and basic pH respectively. Aim: to evaluate and compare the effect of AM.S and AZ.S on color stability of nano resin-modified GI. Methods: Thirty disc of nano resin-modified glass ionomer (2mm height x 4mm diameter) were divided into three groups (n=10 for each) and independently exposed to AM.S, AZ.S, and artificial saliva (A.S.). Color stability was evaluated in triplicate by VITA Easyshade® before and after three immersion protocols, repeated over a three-week duration with two-days intervals. In each protocol, samples were exposed for two minutes, three times daily for AM.S, once daily for AZ.S, and A.S. full day. GI discs rinsed off after each immersion and kept in artificial saliva until next immersion period. Results: One way ANOVA test and Post-hoc analysis of the changes in color space compartments of nano-resin modified GI samples demonstrated just a significant change (p˂0.05) in yellow-blue axis (Δb*) value after immersion in AM.S in comparison with A.S. Total Color change values (ΔE) of nano resin-modified glass ionomer samples also illustrated a significant effect (p˂0.05) between AM.S and A.S. only. The highest (ΔE) value was recorded for samples immersed in AM.S (ΔE =12.5) followed by AZ.S (ΔE=6.5) while the lowest was recorded for A.S. (ΔE=1.1). Conclusion: AM.S (the acidic medication) exhibited a higher staining effect to nano-resin modified GI samples when compared with AZ.S (the basic medication). Several factors such as low pH, more exposure time and coloring material of the immersion media added critical roles in coloring instability.
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licenses and Copyright
The following policy applies in The Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry (JBCD):
# JBCD applies the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license to articles and other works we publish. If you submit your paper for publication by JBCD, you agree to have the CC BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you as the author agree that anyone can reuse your article in whole or part for any purpose, for free, even for commercial purposes. Anyone may copy, distribute, or reuse the content as long as the author and original source are properly cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that JBCD content can be mined without barriers for the needs of research.
# If your manuscript contains content such as photos, images, figures, tables, audio files, videos, etc., that you or your co-authors do not own, we will require you to provide us with proof that the owner of that content (a) has given you written permission to use it, and (b) has approved of the CC BY license being applied to their content. We provide a form you can use to ask for and obtain permission from the owner. If you do not have owner permission, we will ask you to remove that content and/or replace it with other content that you own or have such permission to use.Don't assume that you can use any content you find on the Internet, or that the content is fair game just because it isn't clear who the owner is or what license applies.
# Many authors assume that if they previously published a paper through another publisher, they own the rights to that content and they can freely use that content in their paper, but that’s not necessarily the case, it depends on the license that covers the other paper. Some publishers allow free and unrestricted re-use of article content they own, such as under the CC BY license. Other publishers use licenses that allow re-use only if the same license is applied by the person or publisher re-using the content. If the paper was published under a CC BY license or another license that allows free and unrestricted use, you may use the content in your JBCD paper provided that you give proper attribution, as explained above.If the content was published under a more restrictive license, you must ascertain what rights you have under that license. At a minimum, review the license to make sure you can use the content. Contact that JBCD if you have any questions about the license. If the license does not permit you to use the content in a paper that will be covered by an unrestricted license, you must obtain written permission from the publisher to use the content in your JBCD paper. Please do not include any content in your JBCD paper which you do not have rights to use, and always give proper attribution.
# If any relevant accompanying data is submitted to repositories with stated licensing policies, the policies should not be more restrictive than CC BY.
# JBCD reserves the right to remove any photos, captures, images, figures, tables, illustrations, audio and video files, and the like, from any paper, whether before or after publication, if we have reason to believe that the content was included in your paper without permission from the owner of the content.
How to Cite
References
Chi DL, Scott JM. Added sugar and dental caries in children a scientific update and future steps. Dent Clin .2019 ;63(1):17-33.
Evangelista M, Brancher G, Borgatto AF, Bolan M, Santana CM, Cardoso M. Premature loss of primary molars: impact on the oral health-related quality of life of schoolchildren. Eur J Paediatr Dent . 2022;23(6):911-918.
Finucane D. Restorative treatment of primary teeth: an evidence‐based narrative review. Aust Dent J. 2019;64:22-36.
Hill R. Glass ionomer polyalkenoate cements and related materials: past, present and future. Br Dent J. 2022;232(9):653-657.
Savas S, Colgecen O, Yasa B, Kucukyilmaz E. Color stability, roughness, and water sorption/ solubility of glass ionomer–based restorative materials. Niger J Clin Pract. 2019;22(6):824-832.
Gurgan S, Kutuk ZB, Yalcin F, Ergin E. A randomized controlled 10 years follow up of a glass ionomer restorative material in class I and class II cavities. J Dent. 2020; 94:103175.
Park EY, Kang S. Current aspects and prospects of glass ionomer cements for clinical dentistry. Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2020;37(3):169-178.
Nicholson JW, Sidhu SK, Czarnecka B. Enhancing the mechanical properties of glass-ionomer dental cements. Materials.2020;13(11):2510.
Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS, Khan AS, Zohaib S, Martí JMN, et al. Modifications in glass ionomer cements: nano-sized fillers and bioactive nanoceramics. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(7):1134.
Menne-Happ U, Ilie N. Effect of gloss and heat on the mechanical behaviour of a glass carbomer cement. J dent. 2013; 41(3):223-230.
Kale YJ, Nalwade AV, Dahake PT, Dadpe MV, Kendre SB. Effect of different pediatric drug formulations on color stability of composite, zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer cement, and glass ionomer cement. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2019;37(2):151-157.
Faghihi T, Heidarzadeh Z, Jafari K, Farhoudi I, Hekmatfar S. An experimental study on the effect of four pediatric drug types on color stability in different tooth-colored restorative materials. Dent Res J. 2021;18:75.
Guler EBG, Bayrak GD, Unsal M, Kuvvetli SS. Effect of pediatric multivitamin syrups and effervescent tablets on the surface microhardness and roughness of restorative materials. J Dent Sci. 2021;16:311-317.
Hasan ZR, Al-Hasani NR, Mahmood MA, Ibrahim AI. Effect of amoxicillin and azithromycin suspensions on microhardness of sliver reinforced and nano resin-modified glass ionomers: An in vitro study. Dent Hypotheses. 2023;14(1):32.
Jamal DY, Farsi NM, El-Housseiny AA, Felemban OM. Effects of pediatric liquid medications on surface properties of dental restorations. Med. Sci. 2022;26.
Alhamd AKJ. Bioequivalence of two formulations of amoxicillin in human healthy volunteers on (HPLC) technique. Iraqi J.Pharm.Sci. 2010;19:14-20.
Al-Rufaie EM , AL-Zahra A. Physical properties and chemical kinetics for the interaction of albumin with amoxicillin. Iraqi J Sci. 2015;56(4):3015-3024.
Dar-Odeh N, Fadel HT, Abu-Hammad S, Abdeljawad Ra, Abu-Hammad OA. Antibiotic prescribing for oro-facial infections in the paediatric outpatient: a review. Antibiotics.2018; 7(2):38.
Firth A, Prathapan P. Azithromycin: the first broad-spectrum therapeutic. Eur J Med Chem Rep. 2020;207(1):112739.
Hotwani, K, Thosar N, Baliga, S. Comparative in vitro assessment of color stability of hybrid esthetic restorative materials against various children's beverages. J conserv dent. 2014; 17(1): 70.
Almutairi M, Moussa I, Alsaeri N, Alqahtani A, Alsulaiman S, Alhajri M. The effects of different pediatric drugs and brushing on the color stability of esthetic restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry: An in vitro study. Children. 2022;9(7):1026. (Crossref)
Zuryati AG, Qian OQ, Dasmawati M. Effects of home bleaching on surface hardness and surface roughness of an experimental nanocomposite. J Conserv Dent. 2013;16:356–361.
Ciccone Nogueira JC, Borsatto MC, de Souza-Zaron WC, Ramos RP, Palma-Dibb RG. Microhardness of composite resins at different depths varying the post-irradiation time. J Appl Oral Sci. 2007;15(4):305-309.
Bashetty K, Joshi S. The effect of one-step and multi-step polishing systems on surface texture of two different resin composites. J Conserv Dent. 2010;13(1):34-38.
Abu-Naila AS, Baban LM. The effect of cyclic immersion in cola drinks on the surface microhardness and surface roughness of different composite filling resin materials. J Baghdad Coll Dent. 2010;22:7-11.
Ibrahim A, Thompson V, Deb S. A novel etchant system for orthodontic bracket bonding. Sci Rep. 2019;9:1-15.
Hassan, NMP, Jafar ZJP. Efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite on enamel surface of primary teeth following exposure to liquid medications in comparison with sodium fluoride: An in vitro study. Indian J Public Health. 2019;10(10):3411.
Kurtulmus-Yilmaz S, Ulusoy M. Comparison of the translucency of shaded zirconia all-ceramic systems. J Adv Prosthodont.2014; 6(5): 415-422 .
Hussain SK, Al-Rawi II. The effect of artificial accelerated aging on the color of ceramic veneers cemented with different resin cements (A comparative in vitro study). J baghdad coll dent .2017; 29(1): 39-46.
Subramaniam, P, Nandan N. Cariogenic potential of pediatric liquid medicaments-An in vitro study. J Clin Pedi Dent.2012; 36(4):357-362.
Llena C, Fernández S, Forner L. Color stability of nanohybrid resin-based composites, ormocers and compomers. Clin oral investig.2017 21(4), 1071-1077.
Elamin HO, Abubakr NH, Ibrahim YE. Identifying the tooth shade in group of patients using Vita Easyshade. Eur J Dent. 2015;09(02):213-217.
Čulina MZ, Valentina BR, Ivan Š, Eva K, Luka M, Ana I. Influence of pH cycling on erosive wear and color stability of high-viscosity glass ionomer cements. Material. 2022;15(3): 923.
Shalan HM, Alagami R, Hasan M. Effect of coloring beverages on different esthetic restorative materials in primary teeth. Acta Scientific Dent Sci.2019; 3(3):64-68.
Bagheri R, Burrow M, Tyas M. Influence of food-simulating solutions and surface finish on susceptibility to staining of aesthetic restorative materials. J dent. 2005;33(5):389-398 .
Fontes ST, Fernández MR, de Moura CM, Meireles SS. Color stability of a nanofill composite: effect of different immersion media. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009;17:388-391.
Ajith K, Nasim I. Effect of hard water on properties of glass ionomer cement-an in vitro study.Int J Med Pharm Res. 2020;12(2):100-103.
Morawicki RO, Schmalko ME, Känzig RG. Chlorophyll stability in yerba maté leaves in controlled atmospheres. Braz Arch Biol Technol.1999;42(1).
Piovezan-Borges A, Valério-Júnior C, Gonçalves I, Mielniczki-Pereira A, Valduga A. Antioxidant potential of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) extracts in Saccharomyces cerevisae deficient in oxidant defense genes. Braz J Biol. 2016;76(2):539-544.
Ayaz EA, Bagis B, Turgut S. Effect of antiasthmatic medication on the surface roughness and color stability of dental restorative materials. Med Princ Pract. 2013;23(1):24-28.