Evaluation of plane-line matching of three-dimensional cephalometric analysis using artificial intelligence assisted software
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Abstract
The introduction of three-dimensional technology has revolutionized the orthodontic digital workflow and facilitated diagnosis and treatment planning. The aims of this study were to evaluate the plane-line matching of conventional lateral cephalometric analysis and three dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to assess the reliability and consistency of linear and angular measurements obtained from the two digital modality. Materials and Methods: Forty five participants with an age range of 18-26 years and Class I skeletal malocclusion were recruited. A standardized cephalometric radiograph and CBCT scans were obtained according to specific indication protocols. The digital images were analyzed using an AI based software, 3D Slicer (version 5.6.2), for enhancement and registration. Anatomical landmarks were allocated and anatomical planes and lines, were aligned for quantitative measurements analysis. Results: The findings indicated an acceptable degree of matching between the two-dimensional cephalometric X-ray analysis and the three-dimensional CBCT analysis. Although linear measurements showed high consistency, some angular measurements presented statistically significant differences between the two modalities. Overall, the paired t-test results indicated that certain measurements, such as ANS-Me and N-Me, exhibited variability, while others, like SN and NB, showed no significant differences. The reliability of measurements was further confirmed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), which demonstrated strong consistency across most linear measurements. Conclusion: The study concluded that three-dimensional cephalometric analysis using CBCT provides a promising approach for comprehensive and accurate assessment of craniofacial structures, offering significant advantages over traditional two-dimensional methods.
Received date: 02-03-2025
Accepted date: 04-05-2025
Published date: 15-12-2025
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