Effect of melatonin supplementation on the gingival health and lipid profiles in obese periodontitis patients

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: 2022-03-15
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v34i1.3092
Keywords:
melatonin, lipid profile, obese periodontitis patients.

Main Article Content

Hussam Sami Ismail
Master student, B.D.S, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad
Maha Sh. Mahmood
Professor, B.D.S., M.Sc. Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad.

Abstract

Background: Obesity increases the host’s susceptibility by modulating the immune and inflammatory systems in a manner that predisposes to inflammatory tissue destruction and leaves an individual at greater risk of periodontitis. Melatonin is a pineal secretory product involved in numerous actions, such as regulation of internal biological clocks and energy metabolism, and it functions as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. There exists a substantial amount of evidence supporting the beneficial effect of melatonin supplementation on obesity and its complications. Aim of the study: To investigate the effects of systemic melatonin intake on periodontal health status and lipid profiles in obese periodontitis patients. Subjects and methods: Subjects included in the study were distributed into the following groups: Group I, 20 subjects with normal weight and healthy periodontium (controls) not subjected to any treatment. Group II: 30 obese periodontitis patients subjected to scaling and root planing (SRP) only. Group III: 30 obese periodontitis patients subjected to SRP and supplemented with 5mg melatonin tablets for 1 month. Study groups subjected to estimation of plaque index (PLI), bleeding on probing (BOP), cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) at baseline and after 4 weeks recall visit. Results: Regarding the clinical parameters, the second visit exhibited decreasing in all parameters in both study groups except BOP score 0 were it increased significantly. Regarding lipid profiles, the second visit showed decreasing in all profiles except HDL where it increased in both study groups with a significant difference. All correlations between lipid profiles in recall visit in both study groups exhibited a positive significant correlation between chol and TG, chol and LDL, LDL and TG in group III. In group II all results exhibited a positive significant correlation, whereas the only strong negative correlation was found between chol and HDL, HDL and LDL. Conclusion: Daily supplementation with 5mg melatonin tab significantly improved periodontal health and reduced chol, TG, LDL with increasing HDL.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Issue

Vol. 34 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Research Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Licenses and Copyright

 

The following policy applies in The Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry (JBCD):

 
# JBCD applies the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license to articles and other works we publish. If you submit your paper for publication by JBCD, you agree to have the CC BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you as the author agree that anyone can reuse your article in whole or part for any purpose, for free, even for commercial purposes. Anyone may copy, distribute, or reuse the content as long as the author and original source are properly cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that JBCD content can be mined without barriers for the needs of research.

# If your manuscript contains content such as photos, images, figures, tables, audio files, videos, etc., that you or your co-authors do not own, we will require you to provide us with proof that the owner of that content (a) has given you written permission to use it, and (b) has approved of the CC BY license being applied to their content. We provide a form you can use to ask for and obtain permission from the owner.  If you do not have owner permission, we will ask you to remove that content and/or replace it with other content that you own or have such permission to use.Don't assume that you can use any content you find on the Internet, or that the content is fair game just because it isn't clear who the owner is or what license applies.

# Many authors assume that if they previously published a paper through another publisher, they own the rights to that content and they can freely use that content in their paper, but that’s not necessarily the case, it depends on the license that covers the other paper. Some publishers allow free and unrestricted re-use of article content they own, such as under the CC BY license. Other publishers use licenses that allow re-use only if the same license is applied by the person or publisher re-using the content. If the paper was published under a CC BY license or another license that allows free and unrestricted use, you may use the content in your JBCD paper provided that you give proper attribution, as explained above.If the content was published under a more restrictive license, you must ascertain what rights you have under that license. At a minimum, review the license to make sure you can use the content. Contact that JBCD if you have any questions about the license. If the license does not permit you to use the content in a paper that will be covered by an unrestricted license, you must obtain written permission from the publisher to use the content in your JBCD paper. Please do not include any content in your JBCD paper which you do not have rights to use, and always give proper attribution.

# If any relevant accompanying data is submitted to repositories with stated licensing policies, the policies should not be more restrictive than CC BY.

# JBCD reserves the right to remove any photos, captures, images, figures, tables, illustrations, audio and video files, and the like, from any paper, whether before or after publication, if we have reason to believe that the content was included in your paper without permission from the owner of the content.

How to Cite

1.
Ismail HS, Mahmood MS. Effect of melatonin supplementation on the gingival health and lipid profiles in obese periodontitis patients . J Bagh Coll Dent [Internet]. 2022 Mar. 15 [cited 2024 Dec. 23];34(1):51-9. Available from: https://jbcd.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jbcd/article/view/3092
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

Carranza FA, Newman MG. Clinical periodontology 8th edition. W B Saunders Company Philadelphia. 1996.

Iacopino AM, Cutler CW. Pathophysiological relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease: recent concepts involving serum lipids. J. Periodontol. 2000;71(8):1375-84.

Shuldiner AR, Yang R, Gong D-W. Resistin, obesity, and insulin resistance—the emerging role of the adipocyte as an endocrine organ. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(18):1345-6.

Saito T, Shimazaki Y, Koga T, Tsuzuki M, Ohshima A. Relationship between upper body obesity and periodontitis. J. Dent. Res. 2001;80(7):1631-6.

Al‐Zahrani MS, Bissada NF, Borawski EA. Obesity and periodontal disease in young, middle‐aged, and older adults. J. Periodontol. 2003;74(5):610-5.

Nishida N, Tanaka M, Hayashi N, Nagata H, Takeshita T, Nakayama K, et al. Determination of smoking and obesity as periodontitis risks using the classification and regression tree method. J. Periodontol. 2005;76(6):923-8.

Kim EJ, Jin BH, Bae KH. Periodontitis and obesity: A study of the fourth Korean national health and nutrition examination survey. J. Periodontol. 2011;82(4):533-42.

Virto L, Haugen HJ, Fernández‐Mateos P, Cano P, González J, Jiménez‐Ortega V, et al. Melatonin expression in periodontitis and obesity: An experimental in‐vivo investigation. J. Periodont. Res. 2018;53(5):825-31.

Amini AM, Muzs K, Spencer JP, Yaqoob P. Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolites have modest anti-inflammatory effects in human whole blood cultures. Nutr Res. 2017;46:88-95.

Hardeland R, Poeggeler B. Melatonin and synthetic melatonergic agonists: actions and metabolism in the central nervous system. Cent. Nerv. Syst. Agents Med. Chem. (Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry-Central Nervous System Agents). 2012;12(3):189-216.

Koziróg M, Poliwczak AR, Duchnowicz P, Koter‐Michalak M, Sikora J, Broncel M. Melatonin treatment improves blood pressure, lipid profile, and parameters of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome. J. Pineal Res.2011;50(3):261-6.

Consultation WE. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet (London, England). 2004;363(9403):157-63.

Silness J, Löe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta. Odontol. Scand. 1964;22(1):121-35.

Newbrun E. Indices to measure gingival bleeding. J. Periodontol. 1996;67(6):555-61.

Lindhe J, Lang NP, Karring T. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry: Blackwell munksgaard Copenhagen; 2003.

Rai B, Kharb S, Anand S. Salivary enzymes and thiocynate: Salivary markers of periodontitis among smokers and non-smokers; a pilot study. Adv Med Dent Sci. 2007;1(1):1-4.

Cutando A, Montero J, Gómez-de Diego R, Ferrera M-J, Lopez-Valverde A. Effect of topical application of melatonin on serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease. J. Clin. Exp. Dent. 2015;7(5):e628.

Srinath R, Acharya AB, Thakur SL. Salivary and gingival crevicular fluid melatonin in periodontal health and disease. J. Periodontol. 2010;81(2):277-83.

Santos VR, Lima JA, De Mendonça AC, Braz Maximo MB, Faveri M, Duarte PM. Effectiveness of full‐mouth and partial‐mouth scaling and root planing in treating chronic periodontitis in subjects with type 2 diabetes. J. Periodontol 2009;80(8):1237-45.

Wennström JL, Tomasi C, Bertelle A, Dellasega E. Full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement versus quadrant scaling and root planing as an initial approach in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2005;32(8):851-9.

Cutando A, López-Valverde A, de Diego RG, de Vicente J, Reiter R, Fernández MH, et al. Effect of topical application of melatonin to the gingiva on salivary osteoprotegerin, RANKL and melatonin levels in patients with diabetes and periodontal disease. Odontology. 2014;102(2):290-6.

Montero J, López-Valverde N, Ferrera M-J, López-Valverde A. Changes in crevicular cytokines after application of melatonin in patients with periodontal disease. J. Clin. Exp. Dent. 2017;9(9):e1081.

Rizk NM, Yousef M. Association of lipid profile and waist circumference as cardiovascular risk factors for overweight and obesity among school children in Qatar. Diabetes, metab. Syndr. Obes.: targets and therapy. 2012;5:425.

Falaschetti E, Hingorani AD, Jones A, Charakida M, Finer N, Whincup P, et al. Adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors in a large contemporary population of pre-pubertal children. Eur. Heart J. 2010;31(24):3063-72.

Hirschler V, Aranda C, de Luján Calcagno M, Maccalini G, Jadzinsky M. Can waist circumference identify children with the metabolic syndrome? Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2005;159(8):740-4.

Cowin I, Emmett P. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, birthweight and central obesity in pre-school children. Int. J. Obes. 2000;24(3):330-9.

Tamura H, Nakamura Y, Narimatsu A, Yamagata Y, Takasaki A, Reiter RJ, et al. Melatonin treatment in peri‐and postmenopausal women elevates serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels without influencing total cholesterol levels. J. Pineal Res. 2008;45(1):101-5.

Tan DX, Manchester L, Fuentes‐Broto L, Paredes S, Reiter R. Significance and application of melatonin in the regulation of brown adipose tissue metabolism: relation to human obesity. Obes Rev. 2011;12(3):167-88.

Mullerwieland D, Behnke B, Koopmann K, Krone W. Melatonin inhibits LDL receptor activity and cholesterol-synthesis in freshly isolated human mononuclear leukocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994;203(1):416-21.

Chan T, Tang P. Effect of melatonin on the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis in the rat. Endocr Res. 1995;21(3):681-96.

Sun H, Huang F-f, Qu S. Melatonin: a potential intervention for hepatic steatosis. Lipids Health Dis. 2015;14(1):1-6.

Agil A, Navarro‐Alarcón M, Ruiz R, Abuhamadah S, El‐Mir MY, Vázquez GF. Beneficial effects of melatonin on obesity and lipid profile in young Zucker diabetic fatty rats. J. Pineal Res. 2011;50(2):207-12.

Virto L, Cano P, Jiménez‐Ortega V, Fernández‐Mateos P, González J, Haugen HJ, et al. Melatonin as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontitis associated with obesity. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2018;45(11):1336-46.

Mostafavi S-A, Akhondzadeh S, Reza Mohammadi M, Keshtkar A-A, Hosseini S, Reza Eshraghian M, et al. Role of melatonin in body weight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2017;23(23):3445-52.

Mohammadi-Sartang M, Ghorbani M, Mazloom Z. Effects of melatonin supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin. Nutr. 2018;37(6):1943-54.

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.