Efficacy of a single antimicrobial photodynamic therapy session as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical outcomes for periodontitis patients. A systematic review
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: periodontitis is a multifactorial and multi-etiological disease associated with destructive events to the periodontium. Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is considered an efficient, gold-standard approach to treat this disease; however, several variables could hinder the success rate. Combining antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with NSPT showed promising results but the available literature show variations in results. Aim: whether using single episode of aPDT as adjunct to NSPT for adults affected by periodontitis can improve clinical outcomes, with a minimum 3 months follow up after terminating active treatment, as compared to conventional manual instrumentation? Methods: Three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library) were searched to retrieve relevant articles. The keywords matrix used for the search process consisted of the following terms: periodontitis OR periodontal disease AND photodynamic therapy OR antimicrobial photodynamic therapy OR Laser. Results: A total of 4104 articles were retrieved from the search process for the last 10 years. After removing duplicates and applying filters, 44 article were eligible for full-text reading. The last step resulted in 6 randomized controlled trials that were used for data synthesis. Conclusions: Retrieved data from this study indicated that adjunctive aPDT has a potential beneficial effect on short-term mainly reflected by improving bleeding scores and microbiological outcomes for patients with periodontitis. However, longer term advantage was not evident as compared to conventional periodontal therapy. Further studies are advised to draw a solid conclusion about using aPDT as adjunct to NSPT
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licenses and Copyright
The following policy applies in The Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry (JBCD):
# JBCD applies the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license to articles and other works we publish. If you submit your paper for publication by JBCD, you agree to have the CC BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you as the author agree that anyone can reuse your article in whole or part for any purpose, for free, even for commercial purposes. Anyone may copy, distribute, or reuse the content as long as the author and original source are properly cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that JBCD content can be mined without barriers for the needs of research.
# If your manuscript contains content such as photos, images, figures, tables, audio files, videos, etc., that you or your co-authors do not own, we will require you to provide us with proof that the owner of that content (a) has given you written permission to use it, and (b) has approved of the CC BY license being applied to their content. We provide a form you can use to ask for and obtain permission from the owner. If you do not have owner permission, we will ask you to remove that content and/or replace it with other content that you own or have such permission to use.Don't assume that you can use any content you find on the Internet, or that the content is fair game just because it isn't clear who the owner is or what license applies.
# Many authors assume that if they previously published a paper through another publisher, they own the rights to that content and they can freely use that content in their paper, but that’s not necessarily the case, it depends on the license that covers the other paper. Some publishers allow free and unrestricted re-use of article content they own, such as under the CC BY license. Other publishers use licenses that allow re-use only if the same license is applied by the person or publisher re-using the content. If the paper was published under a CC BY license or another license that allows free and unrestricted use, you may use the content in your JBCD paper provided that you give proper attribution, as explained above.If the content was published under a more restrictive license, you must ascertain what rights you have under that license. At a minimum, review the license to make sure you can use the content. Contact that JBCD if you have any questions about the license. If the license does not permit you to use the content in a paper that will be covered by an unrestricted license, you must obtain written permission from the publisher to use the content in your JBCD paper. Please do not include any content in your JBCD paper which you do not have rights to use, and always give proper attribution.
# If any relevant accompanying data is submitted to repositories with stated licensing policies, the policies should not be more restrictive than CC BY.
# JBCD reserves the right to remove any photos, captures, images, figures, tables, illustrations, audio and video files, and the like, from any paper, whether before or after publication, if we have reason to believe that the content was included in your paper without permission from the owner of the content.
How to Cite
References
Abdulkareem AA, Al-Taweel FB, Al-Sharqi AJB, Gul SS, Sha A, Chapple ILC. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of periodontitis: from symbiosis to dysbiosis. J Oral Microbiol 2023, 15, 2197779.
Takedachi M, Shimabukuro Y, Sawada K, Koshimizu M, Shinada K, Asai H, et al. Evaluation of periodontitis-related tooth loss according to the new 2018 classification of periodontitis. Scientific Reports 2022, 12, 11893.
Comprehensive periodontal therapy: a statement by the American Academy of Periodontology *. J Periodontol 2011, 82, 943-949.
Albeshri S, Greenstein G. Efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal therapy for treatment of periodontitis: practical application of current knowledge. Gen Dent 2022, 70, 12-19. 35993928.
Van der Weijden GAF, Dekkers GJ, Slot DE. Success of non-surgical periodontal therapy in adult periodontitis patients: A retrospective analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2019, 17, 309-317.
Waerhaug J. Healing of the dento-epithelial junction following subgingival plaque control. II: As observed on extracted teeth. J Periodontol 1978, 49, 119-134.
Teughels W, Feres M, Oud V, Martín C, Matesanz P, Herrera D. Adjunctive effect of systemic antimicrobials in periodontitis therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2020, 47 Suppl 22, 257-281.
Castro MML, Duarte NN, Nascimento PC, Magno MB, Fagundes NCF, Flores-Mir C, et al. Antioxidants as Adjuvants in Periodontitis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019, 2019, 9187978.
Park D, Choi EJ, Weon KY, Lee W, Lee SH, Choi JS, et al. Non-Invasive Photodynamic Therapy against -Periodontitis-causing Bacteria. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 8248.
Castano AP, Demidova TN, Hamblin MR. Mechanisms in photodynamic therapy: part one-photosensitizers, photochemistry and cellular localization. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2004, 1, 279-293.
Kömerik N, Nakanishi H, MacRobert AJ, Henderson B, Speight P, Wilson M. In vivo killing of Porphyromonas gingivalis by toluidine blue-mediated photosensitization in an animal model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003, 47, 932-940.
Chan Y, Lai CH. Bactericidal effects of different laser wavelengths on periodontopathic germs in photodynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci 2003, 18, 51-55.
Boehm TK, Ciancio SG. Diode laser activated indocyanine green selectively kills bacteria. J Int Acad Periodontol 2011, 13, 58-63.
Stájer A, Kajári S, Gajdács M, Musah-Eroje A, Baráth Z. Utility of Photodynamic Therapy in Dentistry: Current Concepts. Dent J (Basel) 2020, 8.
Elsadek MF, Farahat MF. Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to periodontal scaling for treating periodontitis in geriatric patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022, 26, 1832-1838.
Wadhwa A, Mallapragada S, Sharma P. Novel indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinico-microbiological pilot study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021, 11, 57-62.
Hill G, Dehn C, Hinze AV, Frentzen M, Meister J. Indocyanine green-based adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019, 26, 29-35.
Bundidpun P, Srisuwantha R, Laosrisin N. Clinical effects of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to full-mouth ultrasonic scaling and root planing in treatment of chronic periodontitis. Laser Ther 2018, 27, 33-39.
Pulikkotil SJ, Toh CG, Mohandas K, Leong K. Effect of photodynamic therapy adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients: A randomized clinical trial. Aust Dent J 2016, 61, 440-445.
Srikanth K, Chandra RV, Reddy AA, Reddy BH, Reddy C, Naveen A. Effect of a single session of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using indocyanine green in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Quintessence Int 2015, 46, 391-400.
Ho SN, Acharya A, Sidharthan S, Li KY, Leung WK, McGrath C, et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical, Immunological, and Microbiological Shift in Periodontitis After Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy With Adjunctive Use of Probiotics. Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice 2020, 20, 101397.
Deepthi R, Bilichodmath S. Ozone Therapy in Periodontics: A Meta-analysis. Contemp Clin Dent 2020, 11, 108-115.
Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol 2018, 89 Suppl 1, S159-s172.
Azaripour A, Dittrich S, Van Noorden CJF, Willershausen B. Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as adjunct treatment of chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2018, 33, 407-423.
Akram Z. How effective is adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in treating deep periodontal pockets in periodontal disease? A systematic review. J Investig Clin Dent 2018, 9, e12345.
Pardo A, Butera A, Giordano A, Gallo S, Pascadopoli M, Scribante A, et al. Photodynamic Therapy in Non-Surgical Treatment of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Applied Sciences 2023, 13, 1086.
Atieh MA. Photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive treatment for chronic periodontitis: a meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2010, 25, 605-613.
Kazem NM, Abdulkareem AA, Milward MR. Salivary E-cadherin as a biomarker for diagnosis and predicting grade of periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2023, 58, 715-722.
Park D, Kim M, Choi JW, Baek JH, Lee SH, Baek K. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy efficacy against specific pathogenic periodontitis bacterial species. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020, 30, 101688.
Abdullameer MA, Abdulkareem AA. Salivary interleukin-1β as a biomarker to differentiate between periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2023, 72, 221-229.